The dark and damp environment of our nasal cavities is perfect for the development of fungi, as they thrive in these kinds of settings. When fungus overgrowth happens in our sinuses, we call this fungal sinusitis – an inflammation of the sinuses’ lining mucosa due to a fungal infection. Depending on its symptoms, pathology, and treatment options there are different kinds of fungal sinusitis.
In this article, we’ll be going over the most common types of fungal sinusitis and their symptoms.
Fungus Balls
This type of fungal sinusitis is caused by the overgrowth of fungi from the genus Aspergillus, which is why these balls are sometimes called aspergilloma. The symptoms of this condition are similar to those of a bacterial infection – headache, coughing, nasal congestion, and pain or pressure across the sinuses. A surgical procedure is usually required to remove the balls from the sinuses.
Allergic Fungal Sinusitis
The fungi found in the environment can enter our nasal cavity and sometimes cause an allergic reaction. That’s the case with allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) – a condition that manifests itself with polyps and sticky mucus that blocks the sinuses. The most effective way to treat AFS is by surgically removing the thick fungal debris. A combination of steroids and antibiotics can be given before and after the surgery.
Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
This type of fungal sinusitis is rare in healthy people, but can sometimes develop in people with weakened immune systems. It happens when the fungus enters the blood vessels and spreads to the eye area and central nervous system. Its symptoms are similar to those of an allergic fungal sinusitis, only more severe and usually joined by fever. It’s treated by a combination of antifungal medication and surgery.
Conclusion
We hope that this article has helped you learn more about the different types of fungal sinusitis. If you notice any of these symptoms, contact your doctor, so he or she can diagnose you in time and come up with a treatment plan.
